河南汉族成人头面部形态特征研究

采用人体测量方法，对河南1400名汉族成人男女头面部21项测量指标进行体质测量，计算头面部14项指标，并与其他民族进行聚类分析．结果显示：河南汉族头面部21项测量指标男性均大于女性，头宽、面宽、下颌角间宽、眼外角间宽、口宽、鼻宽和容貌上面高、唇高、上红唇厚和头围具有性别差异（P〈0．05）；形态面指数、形态上面指数、颧下颌宽度指数具有性别差异（P〈O．05）；男女性头型以中头型和圆头型为主，面型以超狭面型为主，鼻型以中鼻型为主．河南汉族成人头面特征表现为中头、圆头、超狭面、中鼻，体现中原地区人群的共有体质；聚类显示河南人与西北民族的特征相似，还兼具南方民族的特征．

Morphology characteristics of head and face of Henan Han nationality adults

21 items on craniofacial morphology of 1 400 Henan Han nationality adults were measured,and 14 items were calculated,according to the somatometric measurement handbook,while the cluster analysis with other ethnic groups was carried out.The results showed that values of the 21 items of male were higher than those of female in Henan Han population,and there were significant sexual differences in the values of head breadth,face breadth,bigonial breadth,external biocular breadth,mouth breadth,nose breadth,physiognomic upper facial height,lip height,thickness of upper lips and head circumference(P<0.05).There were also significant gender differences in morphological facial index,morphological upper facial index and zygomatic mandibular index(P<0.05).The dominant cranial types are mesocrany and brachycephaly,the dominant face type is hyperleptoprosopy and the dominant nose type is mesorrhiny of the sample.Morphology characteristics of head and face in Henan Han nationality adults are mesocrany and brachycephaly,hyperleptoprosopy and mesorrhiny,reflecting the common characteristics of the populations of the Central Plains Region,and manifesting the homoplastic characteristics of northwest ethnic population as well as the characteristics of southern ethnic population according to the cluster analysis.