大连地区蒲公英不同部位微量元素的光谱测定

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法对大连地区蒲公英根、茎、叶、花、种子不同部位的8种微量元素含量进行了测定分析。分析比较了HNO3+HCl、HNO3+H2SO4、HNO3+HClO4这3种不同混酸的消化程度,确定了HNO3+HClO4混酸体系为最佳消化液,最佳混合体积比为4∶1,最佳消化时间为5 min。各元素在实验范围内,加标回收率和精密度较好,加标回收率为92.5%～107%,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于5%。分析结果表明,蒲公英中K、Ca、Mg、Na和Fe等人体所需的微量元素含量丰富,表现为:在叶中,Ca>K>Mg>Mn>Cu>Fe>Na>Zn;在花中,K>Ca>Mg>Fe>Na>Cu>Mn>Zn;在根中,K>Ca>Mg>Na>Mn>Fe>Cu>Zn;在种子中,K>Ca>Mg>Cu>Mn>Fe>Na>Zn;在茎中,K>Ca>Mg>Na>Mn>Fe>Cu>Zn。本研究为大连蒲公英的合理利用及开发提供了依据。

Spectrometric Determination of Microelements in Different Organs of Taraxacum Mongolicum in Dalian Area

Eight kinds of microelements, including K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn and Na in different organs of Taraxacum officinale in Dalian Area including the roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and seeds, have been determined simultaneously by flame atomic absorption spectrometry （FAAS）. The digesting degree of three kinds of mixed acid including HNO3 ＋ HCl, HNO3 ＋ H2SO4, HNO3 ＋ HClO4 has been compared, the optimum digesting solution in the mixed acid of HNO3 and HClO4 with the ratio of 4 to 1 has been obtained, the optimum digesting time was 5min. This method has good accurate and recovery in the range of experiment for different elements, its recovery ratio by standard addition was 92.5 % - 107 % , and The relative standard deviation was lower than 5 %. The results showed that there were comparatively rich microelements indispensable to human body in Taraxacum officinale such as K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe and so on. In leaves, the content of microelements has been found to be Ca 〉 K 〉 Mg 〉 Mn 〉 Fe 〉 Cu 〉 Na 〉 Zn ; in flowers, the content has been found to be Ca 〉 K 〉 Mg 〉 Na 〉 Fe 〉 Cu 〉 Mn 〉 Zn; in roots, the content has been found to be Ca 〉 K 〉 Mg 〉 Fe 〉 Mn 〉 Na 〉 Cu 〉 Zn ; in seeds, the content has been found to be K 〉 Ca 〉 Mg 〉 Fe 〉 Cu 〉 Mn 〉 Na 〉 Zn ; in stems, the content has been found to be Ca 〉 K 〉 Mg 〉 Fe 〉 Na 〉 Mn 〉 Cu 〉 Zn. The results provided useful evidence for rational utilization and exploitation of Taraxacum mongolicum.