公路交通噪声预测模型

基于声传播的基本特性．提出了一个简化的公路交通噪声预测模型。该模型的推导是根据A计权声压级计算公式，采用常规噪声测量方法估计预测模型参数得出的，同时根据汽车噪声源引起的地面效应以及涡流对声波传播的影响，对模型进行了修正。利用该模型可以预测一个稳态源的声压级LA（如汽车起步和停车时）和移动声源的时间平均声压级LAepτ，（如一段时间内的公路交通噪声）。仿真结果表明，几何散布、地面效应和涡流是影响交通噪声传播的重要因素；在对LAepτ，瞬态测量时，必须有足够的测量时间以确保机动车采样具有代表性。实地测量验证了该预测模型的有效性。

Prediction model for road traffic noise

Based on fundamental features of sound wave phenomena,a simple prediction model for road traffic noise is developed.The model is founded on the A-weighted sound-pressure level formulae of the stationary source,L_A and the time-average sound level,L_(AeqT).The estimates of the free parameters of the model are based on routine noise measurement.To modify the model,the influence of the ground effect on noise emitted by a road vehicle and the influence of turbulence on sound propagation must be considered.This model makes it possible to predict the A-weight sound pressure level(L_A) of noise from a stationary source(i.e.starting and stopping automobile) and the time-average sound pressure level(L_(AeqT)),of noise from moving sources(i.e.road traffic noise).According to simulation and three simultaneous measurements verify,the model is valid.4 figs,6 refs.