水体铜污染对凤眼莲表型可塑性特征的影响

水葫芦是近年在中国肆虐生长的入侵植物，给中国的经济、社会发展带来严重影响。本文研究在浓度为7．5mmol·l^-1，15．0mmol·l^-1，22．5mmol·l^-1，30．0mmol·l^-1的不同铜离子浓度处理下水葫芦叶绿素荧光参数及叶绿素含量的变化情况。结果显示随着铜离子浓度上升，水葫芦叶柄数、叶片数、叶片宽、冠宽及根长各指标均随铜离子浓度上升呈现先增加后下降这一趋势。而叶柄宽却有不同程度的降低。’表型可塑性指数研究表明，水葫芦主要通过增加根长、叶柄数及叶片数来适应不同铜胁迫环境的变化。上述结果表明在铜污染前提下，水葫芦可通过根长、叶柄数及叶片数的变化来较好的指示铜污染程度，进而更好的治理铜污染。

EFFECTS OF COPPER STRESS ON PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY TRAITS OF EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES

Eichhornia crassipes is an invasive plant which grows and spreads rapidly in China in recent years. It causes extremely serious effect on the development of economic and society. In this study, phenotypic plasticity traits were investigated under hydroponics supplied with different concentrations of 7.5 mmol·l^-1, 15.0 mmol·l^-1, 22.5 mmol·l^-1, 30.0 mmol·l^-1 of Cu^2＋. The leafstalk number, leaf number, leaf width, crown width and root length were increase respectively, and decrease by the Cu^2＋ concentration enhanced. However, leafstalk width was decrease at the different effect. The study on the phenotypic plasticity index was enclosed that Eichhornia crassipes could adapt the different copper stress by enhance root length, leafstalk number and leaf number. Therefore, it was suggested that the root length, leafstalk number and leaf number to show the ability of bearing stress of Eichhornia crassipes.