稻草浸泡液的抑藻效果与抑藻活性组分的初步分析

通过XAD树脂固相萃取和GC-MS解析，研究了不同降解方式和降解时间的稻草浸泡液中的控藻活性组分与抑藻效果的关系。结果表明，稻草本身存在抑藻活性物质，低温浸泡4天的无菌稻草液在2.5g/L投加量下，对微囊藻的抑制作用达到了69.3%。好氧和厌氧降解稻草浸泡液均可抑藻效果，如厌氧和好氧浸泡15天的稻草液在1.5g/L浓度下对微囊藻的抑制作用分别为83％和81％。通过GC-MS检测，稻草浸泡液的活性物质组分主要有萘胺类、酯类和酚类，其中最为典型的酯类物质为邻苯二甲酸二丁酯以及其衍生物。随着稻草降解时间的延长，浸泡液中存在的有机物组分的种类与含量均有所减少，尤其好氧降解处理方式更为显著。稻草浸泡液抑藻物质和抑藻效果有明显的对应关系。

Preliminary Analysis on Algal Inhibition by Rice Straw Extract and Allelopathic Components

A laboratory study was conducted to investigate the inhibitory components in the rice straw extracts under different degradation manners and time, and their corresponding effects on algae inhibition. It was found that there were algae inhibitory chemicals in rice straw. The inhabitation ratio of rice straw extract to Microcystis was 69.3% when stored at a low temperature of -4℃ for 4 days with a concentration of 2.5g/L. Both anaerobic and aerobic decomposing rice straw extract can be useful for algal inhibition. If stored for 15 days with the concentration of 1.5g/L under anaerobic and aerobic conditions, the inhabitation ratio of rice straw to Microcystis was 83% and 81% respectively. The allelopathic substances were analyzed by using GC-MS, and then the possible mechanism was proposed. The results show that the allelopathic components in the rice straw extracts were mainly naphthylamine, esters and phenols, typically phthalic acid esters (PAEs). The allelppathic components and their concentration in the rice straw extracts decreased along with the straw decomposition time, especially for aerobically decomposed extract. There was a good relationship between the inhibitory effects and the allelppathic components in the rice straw extracts.