从民俗文艺看非物质文化遗产的传承与保护——以土家族为个案的系统工程研究概述

民俗文艺有两种不同的发展路线和模式：一是独立成体的专业文艺样式即文艺民俗,一是仍存在于母体的＂活化石＂形态即民俗文艺。目前关于土家族文艺民俗研究的多数成果乃是从＂史＂的角度对已经存在的民间文艺进行固化,这是一种静态保护。我们所要研究与探讨的土家族民俗文艺非物质文化遗产的保护应该是充溢着鲜活生命力的＂活态＂保护,这是一个系统工程,按照科学发展观的要求,配合协调,联动发展。

The Inheritance and Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritages Seen from Folk Culture and Arts： A Survey of the Studies of the Systematic Project with Special Reference to the Tujia Minority

Literature and arts, has been developed into two paths and modes： self-contained professional literature and arts folk and folk literature and arts still in the form of mother ＂fossil＂. Most of the present studies on the Tujia Minority folk literature and arts are carded out fi＇om ＇history＂ perspective, on how to fix the existent folk literature and arts, still a ＂static＂ protection. What we are going to probe into is a lively ＂dynamic＂ protection of intangible cultural heritage. As a systematic project, it must be operated cooperatively and in the spirit of scientific development theory.