关于禾本科植物起源问题的探讨

禾本科是一个包含着600余属10000多种的大科.它不仅种类繁多、分布广泛,而且与人类的关系也极为密切.人类的衣、食、住、行等无不与禾本科植物有密切的关系.禾本科植物的起源问题由于化石和其他有关资料的不足而至今还没有弄清.我们认为禾本科植物起源于热带,尤其是南美洲热带雨林地区和亚洲热带,例如,东南亚群岛和南半球的新喀里多尼亚岛等地的山地之中部和下部.起源的时间大约是在中生代白垩纪的早期或中期.它的可能的祖先是原始的占百合类由虫媒花向风媒花过渡并伴随着花被、雄蕊的简化,通过粉质胚乳类的须叶藤目,尤其是该目之域外草科演化到禾本科.

STUDIES ON THE ORIGIN OF THE FAMILY GRAMINEAE

Gramincae is a large family with six hundrand gwnus and ten thousand species and has many plant types,extensive distribution patterns and is intimately concerned with the action of humans, such as in cloth,rice,the house and so on. The origin of the family has been not very clear because of the lack of fossils and other related ma- terials.We now know that Gramineae oirginated from Flagellariales which in turn came from Liliae through Farinosae by the simplification of petal and stamen and the turning of the flower from insect-pollination to wind-pollination at the mid or lowslopes of mountains in tropical and subtropical zones during early cretaceous period mosozoie era.In particilar the family is from Joinvilleaceae.