基于元胞自动机的交通模型综述

对基于元胞自动机的交通模型进行综述，将其分为单车道模型、多车道模型和城市交通模型三类。NaSch模型是最重要的单车道模型，经过改进能够再现许多重要的交通流特性。换道是多车道模型的核心。围绕着动机产生和安全要求提出了多种换道规则，最近的模型能够再现密度反转等异常现象。城市交通模型从系统角度研究了网络交通流的相变规律，近期出现了网络模型与多车道模型相结合的趋势。以TRANSIMS为代表的微观仿真平台在大规模路网中得到了成功应用。然而CA交通模型在方法论上存在不足。一些实证规律未能再现，其实际应用也较少。

A Review of Traffic Models Based on Cellular Automata

In this paper we made a survey of cellular automata(CA) traffic models which can be classified into single-lane, (multi-lane) and city traffic models. NaSch model, the prominent single-lane model, and its modifications, can reproduce (many) characteristics of traffic. Some two-lane traffic rules were presented to implement incentive and security criterion in (lane-changing.) Some can generate anomalies such as density inversion. City traffic models have been used to investigate (phase) transition. A trend is the combining of city traffic and multi-lane models. CA-based micro-simulation tools, e.g. (TRANSIMS,) have been applied in large road networks successfully. However, CA approach has shortcomings in method- (ology,) some experimental properties have not been reproduced, and the application of CA simulation is not popular too.