中国鸟类特有属物种分化与分布格局研究

中国现有的鸟类特有属包括朱鹮属(Nipponia)、雉鹑属(Tetraophasis)、锦鸡属 (Chrysolophus)、马鸡属(Crossoptilon)、血雉属(Ithaginis)、拟地鸦属(Pseudopodoces)、山鹛属 (Rhopohpilus)、藏雀属(Kozlowia)、朱鹀属(Urocynchramus)、蓝鹀属(Latoucheornis),共10属,其 中朱鹮属、血雉属、拟地鸦属、山鹛属、藏雀属、朱鹀属和蓝鹀属为单型属,雉鹑属、锦鸡属和马鸡属 皆为多型属.首先建立了这些特有属的地理分布数据库和生境分布数据库,并利用GIS(ArcView 3.1)软件进行水平和空间格局上的叠加分析,进一步对特有属的时空分布以及属内物种的分化予 以探究,确定了这些特有属的分布中心,并在此基础上建议不同级别的物种特有性优先保护区域. 这些都为研究该地区鸟类的特有性、动物区系形成历史和物种分化,以及多样性研究与保护提供了 参考依据和研究方法.

Species differentiation and distribution patterns of endemic genera of birds in China

There are now 10 endemic genera of birds in China, including Nipponia, Tetraophasis, Chrysolophus, Crossoptilon, Ithaginis, Pseudopodoces, Rhopophilus, Kozlowia, Urocynchramus and Latoucheornis. Of these genera, Nipponia, Ithaginis, Pseudopodoces, Rhopophilus, Kozlowia, Urocynchramus and Latoucheornis are monotypic genera. And Tetraophasis, Chrysolophus and Crossoptilon are polytypic genera. In this paper, we first of all set up the database of geographic and ecological distribution of these endemic genera as well as their species. And we secondly used the GIS (ArcView 3. 1) software to make an overlapped analysis. Then we explored the spatial-temporal distribution and species differentiation. According to the genera abundance or species abundance of these genera and their distribution patterns, we determined the distribution center. Finally we advanced the protection priority "hotspots" based on this generic endemism as well as the endemic center. These results provide significant referenced gist and methods of researches for researching the proper characters of the endemic genera, the formative history of fauna and species differentiation, as well as the research and protection of biodiversity.