基于无人机量测和卫星影像识别的红树林生长分布规律研究

时间尺度上分析红树林生长区域变化规律，对保护红树林生长和恢复具有重要意义。本研究使用无人机获取研究区域高空间分辨率正射影像并结合近50年卫星遥感影像，通过人工目视解译方法提取并统计历年红树林面积分布大小和区域。主要研究结论如下：1) 本区域植被以红树林和互花米草为主，分别对2012、2015、2018和2019年红树林与互花米草面积进行解译分析，红树林与其他植被面积平均比例约为1:6；2) 近年研究区域红树林面积波动较大，从1973年至1984年红树林面积维持在13.5公顷，1984年至2001年红树林面积急剧减少至0.19公顷，2001年至2019年红树林面积逐步恢复至2.14公顷。3)互花米草入侵和人为活动的干扰将对红树林生长和繁衍产生不利影响。该研究可为无人机量测和遥感技术在植被保护中的应用提供相关参考。

Research on mangrove growth and distribution based on UAV measurement and satellite image recognition

It is of great significance to analyze the regional variation law of vegetation growth in time scale for the protection of vegetation growth, restoration of vegetation area and establishment of ecological diversity. In this study, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was used to obtain high spatial resolution orthophoto images of the study area, and combined with satellite remote sensing images in recent 50 years, the mangrove area distribution size and area were extracted and counted by artificial visual interpretation method. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) Mangrove and Spartina alterniflora are the main vegetation in this region. The areas of both mangrove and Spartina alterniflora in 2012, 2015, 2018 and 2019 are calculated, and the average area ratio of mangrove to other vegetation is analyzed and the result is about 1:6; 2) The fluctuation of mangrove area is relatively large in recent 50 years, with the area of mangrove maintained at 13.5 hectare from 1973 to 1984, the area of mangrove decreased sharply to 0.19 hectare from 1984 to 2001 and the mangrove area has gradually recover to 2.14 hectare from 2001 to 2019. 3) The invasion of Spartina alterniflora and the interference of human activities have adverse effects on the growth and reproduction of mangroves. This study can provide reference for the application of UAV measurement and remote sensing technology in vegetation protection.