基于决策实验室分析法及解释结构模型的交通隧道施工事故致因链构建

为明确交通隧道施工事故致因之间纵向影响关系及层级结构，本文从事故发生全过程视角出发，在利用文本挖掘技术构建事故致因体系的基础上，借助决策实验室分析法（DEMATEL）及解释结构模型（ISM）判断各致因的重要性程度，建立事故致因多级递阶结构模型，确定关键致因因素，构建关键致因影响链，深入分析其纵向影响关系，并以WLM隧道为例进行验证，证实其实用性。研究结果表明：5方面20项交通隧道施工事故致因间存在明显的层级结构；人员、管理及环境因素对技术因素、机械设备与材料因素存在直接影响作用，其中安全意识及素养、安全监管、施工方案及各类环境因素在事故致因体系中占据重要位置，对其进行有效管控是良好安全管理的体现。本研究可为交通隧道施工安全管理提供参考与依据。

Construction of the cause chain of traffic tunnel construction accidents based on DEMATEL-ISM

In order to clarify the longitudinal influence relationship and the hierarchical structure between the causes of traffic tunnel construction accidents, based on the perspective of the whole process of the accident and the construction of the accident cause system with text mining technology ,this paper used the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) and the interpretative structural modeling method (ISM) to judge the importance of each cause, established a multi-level hierarchical structure model of the accident cause, constructed an accident-causal impact chain for causes at key positions, deeply analyzed the longitudinal impact relationship between each cause, and took the WLM tunnel as an example to verify its validity. The research results show that There are 20 causes of traffic tunnel construction accidents, which have obvious hierarchical structure. Personnel, management and environmental factors have a direct impact on technical factors, mechanical equipment and material factors. Among them, safety awareness and literacy, safety supervision, construction plans and various environmental factors occupy an important position in the accident cause system, and effective management and control of them is the embodiment of good safety management. This research can provide reference and basis for the safety management of traffic tunnel construction.