The critical kernel in modern systems thinking |
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Authors: | M. C. Jackson |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Management Systems and Sciences, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, Hull, UK
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Abstract: | This paper unpeels two influential contributions to modern systems thinking, Beer's viable system model (VSM) and Checkland's soft systems methodology (SSM), and finds inside a critical kernel. It is argued, indeed, that these approaches become coherent only when liberated from their regulative shells and interpreted from the critical position. So much does the critical kernel lie at the very heart of modern systems thinking. |
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