不可逆Carnot热机优化性能的局域稳定性

基于牛顿传热规律下的不可逆Carnot热机的优化性能参数，并利用局域稳定性分析理论，研究了热机系统在功率最大和生态学函数最优的稳定状态时系统的局域稳定性。导出了表征系统稳定性的“驰豫时间”与热转换系数比a/b，热容C，总传热面积F,热源温度TH和TL以及热漏之间的关系。比较了两个稳定工作状态时系统稳定性的高低。得到了对于实际系统的设计应该同时考虑系统的优化性能与局域稳定性的结论。

Local Stability Analysis for Optimal Performance of an Irreversible Carnot Heat Engine

Local stability of an irreversible Carnot heat engine at the maximum power output and the optimum ecological function has been studied based on the optimal performance parameters of the heat engine based on the Newton transfer heat law and using the local stability analysis. Expressions of relaxation time describing stability are derived. Relationship between relaxation time and heat-transfer coefficient ratio a/b, heat capacity C, total heat exchange area F, temperatures of heat reservoirs TH and TL, and heat leak are found. The characteristics of local stability at two steady states are compared. It is concluded that the optimal performance and local stability of the system should be considered simultaneously both in design and application.