组成对硅酸盐玻璃光学性质和密度的影响

较系统地研究了（２０－ｘ）Ｌｉ２Ｏ，ｘＮａ２Ｏ（Ｋ２Ｏ），５ＢａＯ，（１０＋ｙ）Ｂ２Ｏ３，（１０ ＋ｚ）Ａｌ２Ｏ３，（５５－ｙ—ｚ）ＳｉＯ２玻璃的折射率、阿贝数、应力光学系数和密度的 变化规律。结果表明，用氧化铝置换氧化硅后，玻璃的折射率、阿贝数和密度 降低，应力光学系数升高；用氧化硼替代氧化硅后，玻璃的折射率、密度和应 力光学系数随氧化铝含量的减少，由降低、恒定，转向略有升高；氧化钠或氧 化钾取代氧化锂后，使折射率线性降低，折射率改变值分别大于０．０２或 ０．０３，应力光学系数升高，阿贝数则表现出不同的变化；最后从离子或离子结 构基因大小的影响讨论了玻璃中的混合位和混合碱效应。

Influence of chemical composition on optical property and density of boron-aluminium-silicate glass

Refractive index, Abbe number, stress-optical coeffcient and density of (20 - x ) Li2O, xNa2O (K2O), 5Bao, (10+y)B2O3, (10+z)Al2O3, (55-y-z)SiO2 glass have been measured respectively. It is found that refractive index, Abbe number and density decrease and stress-opti- cal coefficient increases with increasing content of aluminium oxide, and that change of refractive index,density and stress-optical coefficient as the replacement of silica by boron oxide is still de- pendent on the content of aluminium oxide. As lithium oxide is replaced by sodinm oxide or potassium oxide, refractive index linearly decreases, stress-optical coefficient increases, and the largest difference of refractive index is more than 0. 02 or 0. 03 respectively. Finally,the mixed alkali and mixed site effects are discussed in terms of size of alkali ions and oxygen groups in glass.