考虑导引头视场角的仿生分段复合制导律研究

由于可带载荷重量尺寸限制，微小型弹药会采用捷联式导引头.弹药末段攻击时，小的需用视场角可以确保对目标的有效跟踪和打击.自然界中，蜻蜓捕食果蝇的追踪策略与轨迹可以提供参考.基于蜻蜓追捕目标的追踪策略，提出分段制导律，即在追踪目标时初始段会快速调整弹药姿态进入尾追模式，并在追踪后半段使用运动伪装的追踪策略捕捉目标.初制导段利用滑模控制律对视差角进行控制，使弹药调整至尾追姿态，末制导段运用焦点位于无限远的运动伪装制导律进行目标跟踪，初制导段与末制导段间采取二阶平滑交接律进行过渡.仿生分段复合制导律仿真结果表明，与传统比例导引律相比，在末制导段中弹药的需用过载小，目标更接近视场中心位置，能够减小弹药在末制导段受机体的可用过载和导引头的视场限制，有效提高攻击精度. 

Study on Biomimetic Subsection Compound Guidance Law Considering Field of View Angle of Seeker

Due to the weight limit of the loadable load, the micro-miniature ammunition often uses the strap-down seeker. At the end of the ammunition attack, a small field of view angle is required to ensure effective tracking and striking of the target. In nature, the tracking strategy and trajectory of the predatory fruit fly can provide reference. Based on the tracking strategy of the dragonfly, the segmentation guidance law was proposed, that is, the initial segment would quickly adjust the ammunition posture into the tail chase mode when tracking the target, and capture the target using the motion camouflage tracking strategy in the latter half of the tracking. In the initial guidance section, the parallax angle was controlled by the sliding mode control law to adjust the ammunition to the tail-following attitude. The final guidance section used the motion camouflage guidance law with the focus at infinity for target tracking, and between the initial guidance section and the final guidance section. The second-order smooth interface law was used for the transition. The simulation results of the bionic segmentation composite guidance law show that compared with the traditional proportional guidance law, the required overload of the ammunition in the final guidance section is small, and the target is closer to the center of the field of view, which can reduce the ammunition in the final guidance section. The overload and the field of view of the seeker can be used to effectively improve the attack accuracy.