中国江苏、浙江和甘肃与松树相关的线虫种类调查

于2008年5月至11月在中国江苏、浙江和甘肃省进行了与松树相关的线虫种类调查。对马尾松、黑松、湿地松、赤松、油松健康树及病树和死亡树的122个样木进行了检测,将分离到的线虫进行了线虫形态学光镜和扫描电镜的研究。结果共鉴定出5个属的10个种,它们分别是Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Nickle, B. mucronatus, B. aberrans , B. hofmanni, B. sp., Aphelenchoides macronucleatus Baranovskya, A. vaughani Maslen, A. bicaudatus, Ektaphelenchoides pini, Laimaphelenchus sp. Fuchs。大部分线虫发现于死亡或濒死的松树上，只有Aphelenchoides bicaudatus存在于健康黑松树种。Laimaphelenchus sp.存在于油松树皮下,这是该种线虫在中国和Seinura wuae以黑松为寄主的首次记录。

ccurrence of nematode species associated with pine wood in Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Gansu provinces in China

A survey was carried out in various localities of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Gansu provinces of China for investigating and identifying nematode species associated with pines. A total of 122 wood samples were collected from healthy and dead or dying pine trees viz., Pinus massoniana, P. thunbergii, P. elliottii, P. densiflora, P. armendii during May, 2008 to November, 2008. Nematodes were extracted from wood chips by a modified Baermann funnel technique and multiplied on Botrytis cinerea grown on potato Dextrose Agar medium (PDA) at 25 ℃. Nematodes were heat-relaxed (65 ℃, 2 min) and fixed in 4% formaldehyde, processed to anhydrous glycerine by slow method. Measurements were taken using a Leica DMLB2 light microscope with QWin image analysis and processing software. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination of some nematode species was done according to Wergin. Ten species of nematodes comprising five genera viz., Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Nickle, B. mucronatus, B. aberrans, B. hofmanni, B. sp., Aphelenchoides macronucleatus, A. vaughani, A. bicaudatus, Seinura wuae, Ektaphelenchoides pini and Laimaphelenchus sp. were recovered during faunistic survey of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Gansu provinces of China. Species of nematodes were recovered from 40% of samples, most from dead or dying pine trees and least from healthy trees. Aphelenchoides bicaudatus was the only species recovered from the wood of healthy P. thunbergii. Species of Bursaphelenchus were recovered from 83% of dead or dying trees, but were never found in healthy trees. Based on the information gained from the survey it was observed that among ten species, the pine wood nematode was found to be the dominant species and its occurrence would lead to a significant weakness in diversities of nematodes within pine wood. As pine wilt disease is epidemic in China, further studies on the predatory lifestyle and biological control potential of Seinura species to pine wood nematode need further studies in China. An undescribed species of Laimaphelenchus was found under the bark of Pinus armendii Franch. This is the first record of the genus from China and P. thunbergii Parl. reported as the new host record for Seinura wuae. Acknowledgment: This work was supported by Natural Science Foundation of China (30771728).