乡土中国人类学研究

农民社会及其社会文化变迁乃是现代人类学以及相关学科的研究重心之一。整体上来讲,乡土中国人类学研究可区分为经济人类学、生态人类学、汉人家庭家族制度、农民的心态、信仰与认同、回访等五大研究视角,形成了关于农民社会变化变迁的平衡论、新平衡论、盛衰循环论等几种理论解释。但由于长时期以来对农民文化的“落后”定位,导致对农民文化的无情肢解,相应,在新的历史时期,人类学家也应站好自己的立场,以有效关注农民社会。

On Anthropological Research of Rural China

Peasant society and its social and cultural transformation have been the focus of modern anthropology and relevant subjects. Generally speaking, anthropology of rural China falls into five main perspectives, namely economic anthropology, ecological anthropology, Han clan system, the mentality, beliefs and identity of peasants, and revisit. And several theoretic interpretations have been shaped concerning the social and cultural transformation of peasant society, such as Equilibrium Theory, Neo-Equilibrium Theory, and Theory of Boom-Bust Cycle. However, due to the long-time mispositioning of peasant culture, it is ruthlessly dismembered. Therefore, anthropologists should hold fast to their stance so as to offer due attention to peasant society.