试析明清以来中国地主城居现象

中国地主历来以乡居为主。明清以来，由于城市商品经济的发展以及社会长期动荡、战乱不断，地主或为逐利或为避祸，开始大规模地迁入城市，成为城居地主。地主迁居城市，放松了对佃农的人身控制，促进了地租形态的变化，也加强了城乡经济交流，有一定的积极意义。但由于城市生活的奢靡，他们对农民的剥削更加重了。这是其消极影响。但总的来说，地主城居还是利大于弊的。

An Analysis on the City-resided Landlords in the Ming and the Qing Dynasty of China

In Chinese history, the majority of the landlords always resided in the countryside. From the Ming and Qing Dynastis.due to the economic development in cities and the turbulent state in the countryside,more and more landlords left countryside to reside in the cities. When the landlords resided in the cities, they released the control of the tenant farmers and accelerated the change in the landtaxes and enhanced communication between the cities and countryside,which,to some extent, carries. At the same time, because of the extravagance in living, the landlords aggravated the exploitation of the tenant farmers, which shows its posititute effect. But,generally speaking, some active significance landlords residing in the cities carries more advantages than disadvantages.