植物表达抗体的研究进展

利用转基因植物生产抗体是一个新兴的生物技术领域。这种技术将编码全抗体或抗体片段的基因导入植物，从而在植物中产生全抗体或抗体片段，获得的抗体能功能性地识别抗原并结合抗原。目前已有农杆菌介导转移法和基因枪法等多种转化技术用于将抗体基因导入植物细胞。利用植物表达抗体的一大优势是能大规模廉价生产免疫治疗用抗体。此外，植物抗体也可用于植物自身抗病，并能调节植物细胞代谢。本文主要就植物生产抗体的方法、抗体的表达及应用作一综述。

Progress of Research on Expressing Antibodies in Plants

One of burgeoning fields of biology is the use of transgenic plants for the expression of antibodies. It refers to introducing into plants and expressing in them the genes encoding antibodies or antibody fragments. The plant-derived antibodies can serve the fuction of antigen recognition and binding. A number of transformation techniques have been used to introduce antibody genes into plant cells. An important advantage of expressing antibodies in plants is that it can produce inexpensively therapeutic antibodies in large scale. Immunotherapy can also be aimed at plants themselves, that is, these recombinant antibody molecules can be effective in insect or disease resistance. Furthermore, intracellular expression of antibody molecules can be used to modulate the metabolism of the expressing cells. Several groups have expressed antibody molecules in plants, either to modify or improve plant performance and characteristics or with a view to harnessing plants as bioreactors for large-scale production of antibodies. The research and development of expressing antibodies in plants are reviewed.