光纤传感器在辐射环境中的应用研究进展

以光纤传感器中常见的基于布拉格光栅、法布里 珀罗腔和分布式系统的3种传感器在核辐射环境中的应用情况为研究重点，对其在核辐射环境中的应用研究进展进行了综述。光纤布拉格光栅传感器中纯硅光纤和掺氟光纤制作的光栅具有耐辐射的优异性质；分布式传感器中布里渊散射和拉曼散射的传感器具有一定的抗辐射特性；而法布里 珀罗传感器则由于其结构的特殊性，在核辐射环境下应用情况较差。目前，光纤传感器在核辐射环境下的应用还受到很大的限制，主要表现在光纤本身对辐射比较敏感，辐射后的光纤常表现出峰位移动和信号衰减等问题，严重影响光纤的长期稳定性。要实现核辐射环境下光纤传感器的大规模应用，未来应研制具有更强抗辐射性能的光纤和寻找更优的校准和信号处理方法，以提高传感器的响应精度。

Progress in the application of optical fiber sensors in nuclear radiation environment

Optical fiber sensors based on fiber Bragg grating(FBG), Fabry-Perot cavity (FP cavity) and distributed system were discussed here, their application status in nuclear environment was introduced in detail and the influence of nuclear radiation on the sensors were summarized. Among sensors based on FBG written on naked and doped optical fibers, gratings written on pure silicon fibers and fibers doped with some fluorine (F) show the best properties. When it comes to distributed optical fiber sensors, compared with sensors based on Rayleigh scattering, the ones based on Brillouin and Raman scattering can be more radiation resistive to some extent. For FP cavity based optical fiber sensors, they cannot work normally in nuclear radiation environment for their unique structures. At present, the application of optical fiber sensors in nuclear radiation environment is still strictly limited because of the sensitivity of optical fiber to nuclear radiation,for the shift of peak wavelengths and signal attenuation always occur on the radiated fibers, which affect the long-term stability of the fibers.In order to realize the large-scale application of optical fiber sensors in nuclear radiation environment, the future development direction is to develop optical fibers with stronger radiation resistance and find novel calibration and signal processing methods to improve the response accuracy of sensors.