特大立菊培育方法的研讨

<正>大立菊是经过特殊培育、艺术加工的独本多花朵的大型菊花。本文介绍了花圈直径4.20米、着花4651朵,破上海市记录的特大立菊的主要培育措施和基本经验,包括:(1)满足水、肥、气、热等土壤肥力要求,培养壮健的黄篙母砧;(2)一次嫁接多枚自然分枝能力很强的‘白莲’接穗,并以人工整枝为主、摘心为辅,尽量扩大冠幅范围;(3)不搞立秋至处暑间定头,改用最后摘除中央大花蕾和‘剥贰头、留正头’的办法,保证开花整齐和花期一致;(4)恢复历史传统菊艺,利用‘白莲’等为中间砧,改接其他品种菊花,以丰富菊花色彩和图案造型,进一步提高大立菊的培育质量。

AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE PRACTICE OF GROWING AN ESPECIALLY BIG ERECT CHRYSANTHEMUM PLANT

The big erect chrysanthemum plant is a large-sized one with single stem and numerous blossoms cultivated with special technique. The especially big chrysanthemum plant introduced in this paper had a blooming circle of 4.2M in diameter and 4,561 flowers, breaking all previous records in Shanghai. Chief measures taken in growing such a plant were as follows:1 . Sufficient water and nutrients, proper air and temperature were supplied, resulting in the successful cultivation of exceptionally strong stock of the yellow artemisia.2 . A lot of scions of the "White Lotus" variety were grafted on the stock at one time. Utilizing the strongly branching ability of the scions, the largest possible crown was developed alongside pruning and shaping.3. Instead of fixing leaders in August, expanded blossom buds were made permanent just before autumnal equinox, the expanded central ones being removed to prolong the growing period of the crown. Forkheads were removed and central heads firmly set to ensure consistent blovming stage.4 . Restoring and giving full play to Chinese traditional chrysanthemum aiti-stry, scions of other beautiful chrysanthemum varieties were additionally grafted to the middle stock of the "White Lotus" to enrich the pattern and colour of the plant.