中医病名“伤风鼻塞”定名史略

“伤风鼻塞”是现代中医新病名,相当于西医学急性鼻炎。古代中医对急性鼻炎的诊疗经验,包含于“鼻塞”“鼻鼽”“鼻窒”“伤风鼻塞”“伤风”“感冒”等病症。“伤风鼻塞”作为医学用语,屡见于宋元以后的中医古籍,但并未成为独立的疾病。直到现代中医耳鼻喉科建立,统编教材编写出版,“伤风鼻塞”才逐步确立为规范病名。“伤风鼻塞”符合术语定名的科学性、简明性、约定俗成及顾名思义性等原则。

A Brief History of Determination of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Disease Name “Nasal Obstruction due to Mild Cold”

“Nasal obstruction due to mild cold” is a new disease name of modern traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), which is equivalent to the acute rhinitis of modern medicine. The experience of ancient TCM on acute rhinitis includes diseases such as “nasal obstruction”, “rhinorrhea with clear discharge”, “nasal blockade”, “nasal obstruction due to mild cold”, “mild common cold”, “common cold” and so on. “Nasal obstruction due to mild cold”, as a medical term, is often seen in ancient TCM books in Song and Yuan dynasties and later, but has not become an independent disease. It was not until the establishment of modern TCM otolaryngology, the compilation and publication of unified textbooks, that “nasal obstruction due to mild cold” was gradually established as the standard disease name. “Nasal obstruction due to mild cold” conforms to the principles of terminology nomenclature, including scientific,concise, conventional, and transparent, etc.