基于遥感影像群的洪湖水面利用变化检测

湖泊作为湿地的重要组成部分,对生态多样性的保持和环境功能的维系起着不可替代的作用.在经济社会发展的不同阶段,人类对于湖泊的开发利用体现出不同的特点.获取不同时期湖泊利用的信息不仅有助于了解湖泊变化的规律和原因,也可为湖泊未来的合理利用及生态管理提供决策支持.洪湖是湖北境内江汉湖群的最大湖泊.利用1985、1995、2000和2005年四期平水期TM/ETM遥感图像提取各期洪湖水面利用信息并进行分析.结果显示:1985年至2005年间,洪湖未利用湖面面积1985年到2000年由于受人为作用影响有所减少,2000年至2005年后基本维持谷值;围网养殖区的面积从1985年不断扩大直至2000年达到峰值,此后基本保持稳定;湖区水生植被相应也从1985年不断减少至2000年的谷底值,随后由于生态建设工程的实施,水生植被迅速恢复.

Water Surface Utilization Change of the Honghu Lake Based on Remote Sensing Survey

As an important part of wetland,lakes have an un-substitutable role to maintain thebiodiversity and environmental function.The exploitation and utilization of lakes have different fea-tures during different periods.The information survey of lake water surface utilization of differentperiods not only aid to recognize the change pattern and reason of lake utilization change,but alsogive support to decision-making of suitable utilization of lakes.The Honghu Lake is the largest lakein Hubei province.Based on four phases(1985,1995,2000 and 2005) TM/ETM remote sensingimages,choose and analyses the water surface utilizing information of the Honghu Lake in differentphases.The results show that:(1) The unutilized lake surface area reduced quickly from 1985 to2000 and reached to the bottom in 2000,due to the impact of human activities.From 2000 to 2005,kept on the bottom level;(2) The area of enclosing aquaculture increased constantly from 1985 to2000,reached to the peak in 2000 and kept steady since 2000;(3) The area of aquatic vegetation inthe Honghu Lake decreased constantly and to bottom in 2000,and has been recovered rapidly since2000 for the implementation of ecological constructing programs.