民用飞机巡航阶段污染物排放量计算研究

随着航空事业的不断发展,发动机的排放污染也越来越引起社会关注。巡航是民航飞机主要的飞行阶段,航班飞行中绝大多数的燃油消耗、飞行时间和污染物排放量均发生在该阶段。利用波音公司的飞机性能计算软件,计算了不同巡航方式、巡航高度、巡航重量、外界温度偏差等条件下的巡航性能参数,然后基于ICAO排放量数据建立污染物排放量计算模型,用Visual Studio开发了巡航阶段污染物排放量计算软件,实现对不同巡航条件下各种污染物排放量的计算。计算结果表明,在排放总量中占比从高到低的污染物类型依次为CO2、NOX、CO和HC。基于计算数据分析了巡航方式、巡航高度、飞机质量和外界温度偏差等因素对不同类型污染物排放量的影响。尽管变化趋势不尽相同,但在其他条件一定时,选择合适的巡航高度和巡航方式,可使特定污染物的排放量达到最少。

Research on Calculating of Aircraft Pollution Emissions in Cruise phase

With the increase of aviation industry, the emission pollution of engine has aroused extensive attention. Cruise is the main flight phase of civil aeroplanes, in which most of the fuel consumption and pollutants emission occur. Cruise pollutants emission calculation model is established. Then the software for calculating pollutants emissions during different cruise conditions is developed by Visual Studio based on the models established and cruise performance parameters of B737-800. The results show that the sequence of pollutants from high to low is as follows: CO2, NOX, CO, SO2 and HC. Meanwhile, the influence of cruise patterns, altitude, weight of aeroplane and temperature deviation on pollutants emission is analyzed based on the results. Though variations are not same, provided that other conditions are constant, choosing adequate cruise altitude and cruise pattern can make the pollutant emission minimum.