基于物理建模法的加工中心主轴热误差建模

针对主轴热误差对机床精度稳定性产生严重影响的问题，提出了一种基于传热理论及热变形机理的主轴热误差预测模型.首先，基于传热机理分析推导出主轴系统的实时温度场模型.然后，根据机床结构尺寸对主轴热变形进行机理分析，并利用物理建模法得到温度场与热误差的关系.最后，在两台同类型的立式加工中心上进行主轴热误差仿真和实验验证.结果表明:主轴热误差模型的平均预测精度达到了95.0%，这证明了该模型具有很高的精度和强鲁棒性.

Thermal Error Modeling of Machining Center Spindle Based on Physical Modeling Method

Aiming at the problem that the thermal error of spindles has a serious impact on the accuracy of machine tools， a thermal error prediction model based on heat transfer theory and thermal deformation mechanism was proposed. Firstly， the real-time temperature field model of the spindle system was derived from an analysis of the heat transfer mechanism. Then， the mechanism of the thermal deformation of the main shaft was analyzed according to the size of the machine tool， and the relationship between the temperature field and the thermal error was obtained with the physical modeling method. Finally， the thermal error simulation and experimental verification of the spindle were carried out on two vertical machining centers of the same type. The results showed that the average prediction accuracy of the spindle thermal error model reaches 95.0%， which proves that the model has high precision and robustness.