杯状树形对番木瓜产量和品质的影响

为延长番木瓜经济栽培寿命,选取‘马来西亚7号’、‘红妃’两个番木瓜品种为材料,比较斜拉矮化树形和杯状树形的单株平均产量、单株平均结果数、单果质量、可食率、果实可溶性固形物质量分数、果实维生素C质量比、果实氨基酸质量比、果实蛋白质质量比、单株经济效益.结果表明:随着树龄的增长,两个番木瓜品种两种树形的单株平均产量、单株平均结果数和单果质量呈下降趋势;两种树形对单株平均产量、单株平均结果数、果实氨基酸质量比无显著影响;杯状树形能保持与斜拉矮化树形相近的单果质量,提高两个番木瓜品种的果实可食率、果实可溶性固形物质量分数、果实维生素C质量比,可能提高‘马来西亚7号’的果实蛋白质质量比; 杯状树形在斜拉矮化树形3 a经济栽培寿命的基础上又延长3 a的经济栽培寿命.

Effects of Cup-Shaped Tree Shape on Yield and Quality of Papaya

In order to prolong economical cultivation life of papaya, two papaya cultivars ‘Malaysia 7’ and ‘Red Lady’ were used as materials to compare average yield per plant, average fruit numbers per plant, average mass of single fruit, edible ratio, mass fraction of soluble solids in fruit, mass ratio of vitamin C in fruit, mass ratio of amino acid in fruit, mass ratio of protein in fruit and economic benefits per plant of slanted-stem tree and cup-shaped tree. The results show that average yield per plant, average fruit numbers per plant and mass of single fruit of two papaya cultivars and two tree shapes appear downside trends with the growth of tree age. There are no significant effect on average yield per plant, average fruit numbers per plant and mass ratio of amino acid in fruit of two tree shapes. Cup-shaped tree shape can sustain similar average single fruit mass with slanted-stem tree shape, and improve edible ratio, mass fraction of soluble solids in fruit, mass ratio of vitamin C in fruit of two papaya cultivars. It may increase mass ratio of protein in fruit of ‘Malaysia 7’. In addition, cup-shaped tree shape extends three years economic cultivation life on the basis of three years economic cultivation life of the slanted-stem tree shape.