上海公园绿地景观水体透明度影响因子研究

于2010年,以上海市90个公园绿地共107个景观水体为研究对象，通过野外调查与室内分析，探寻水体透明度与光衰减系数的关系，并在此基础上分析影响水体透明度的主要因子.研究结果表明：（1）上海市公园绿地景观水体透明度普遍较低，平均透明度为（0.54±0.24） m，98.31%的水体透明度低于1 m；（2）透明度与光学衰减系数显著负相关，两者之间可建立数学关系式为Kd=0.017+〖SX(〗1.12〖〗ST〖SX)〗；（3）悬浮物是上海城市公园绿地水体透明度的主导影响因子，总磷和铵态氮通过控制浮游藻类的营养水平来影响水体透明度.研究结果为科学合理地评价景观水体水质尤其是水体透明度提供测度，并为水体环境的改善、水生植被的构建及水体的养护管理提供科学依据.

Influencing factors of water transparency in landscape water bodies of parks and public green space, Shanghai

Taking 107 landscape water bodies in 90 parks and public green space of Shanghai as study objects, the relationship between water transparency and light attenuation coefficient was quested and therefore the main influencing factors upon water transparency were studied in this paper with application of outdoor investigation and indoor experiments. The results showed that: (1) the water transparency generally stayed at a low level with mean value of (0.54±0.24) m, and more than 98.31% water bodies were below 1.0 m; (2) there was a significant negative correlation between water transparency and light attenuation coefficient, which could be shown as Kd=0.017+〖SX(〗1.12〖〗ST〖SX)〗; (3) the suspended matter was the main influencing factors of transparency in landscape water bodies of parks and public green space in Shanghai. The total phosphorus and ammonia-N in the water affected water transparency out of their nutrient control over phytoplankton. The results offer a new measurement to assess the water quality, especially the water transparency of landscape water bodies scientifically, and hence will provide a scientific basis for the improvement of water environments, the establishment of aquatic vegetation and the maintenance and management of water bodies.