阿尔茨海默症基因修饰小鼠模型

摘要:阿尔茨海默症( Alzheimer’ s disease,AD) 是一种神经退行性疾病,影响着全球 4 000 多万人的健康,预计在未来的几十年将呈指数级增长。 至今为止,该病还没有很好的治疗方法,也缺乏系统完整的病理及生理学研究,因此建立良好的动物模型是研究和治疗 AD 最有价值的科学工具。 本文总结了 4 种基因修饰的 AD 模型,讨论不同模型的表型特征、病理变化以及在科学研究中的应用。

Genetic Modified Mouse Models of Alzheimer’ s Disease

Abstract:Alzheimer’ s disease ( AD ) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects more than 40 million peopleworldwide and it is predicted to exponentially increase in the coming decades. The typical pathological feature of AD is the abnormal accumulation of neurotoxic amyloid beta ( Aβ) peptides in brain, the clinical manifestations including memory loss, cognitive regression and abnormal behavior. While AD pathophysiology has fundamentally been identified, the underlying mechanisms which leading to initial disease onset and disease progression still remain open to speculation. Because no curative treatment and lack of systematic and completed pathophysiological studies, animal models is the most valuable scientific tool for research. This article summarizes the details of some kinds of genetic modified mouse models of AD, such as APP, PS, Apo E and ob genetic modified mice, anddiscusses the phenotypic characteristics, pathological changes and the application of them in the AD related research in a bid to provide references for the further studies on AD as well.