基于数值模拟的建筑设计优化研究综述

在双碳目标的背景下,对建筑物进行优化设计是实现节能减排的一个新途径;计算机技术的飞速发展,更使得建筑优化设计的效率有了很大的提升。为了更加全面地掌握基于数值模拟的的优化技术在实际建筑中的应用现状,对优化研究的主要阶段进行了概括,归类分析了各类优化平台的优缺点,总结对比了各类优化算法的性能。分析发现,优化阶段主要分为预处理,优化,后处理三个阶段;优化工具根据开发目的分为三大类;常用的优化算法有进化算法,无导数搜索算法,混合算法;并且当下的优化研究还有很大的空间值得探索与改进。

A Review of Numerical Simulation-Based Architectural Design Optimization Research

In the context of the dual carbon target, optimization of building design is a new way to achieve energy saving and emission reduction; the rapid development of computer technology has greatly improved the efficiency of building optimization design. In order to have a more comprehensive understanding of the current situation of the application of numerical simulation-based optimization techniques in real buildings, the main stages of optimization research are outlined, the advantages and disadvantages of various optimization platforms are categorized and analyzed, and the performance of various optimization algorithms is summarized and compared. The analysis reveals that the optimization stages are divided into three phases: pre-processing, optimization, and post-processing; optimization tools are divided into three categories according to the development purpose; common optimization algorithms are evolutionary algorithms, derivative-free search algorithms, and hybrid algorithms; and there is still much room for exploration and improvement in the current optimization research.