沥青混合料疲劳损伤试验表征综述

针对沥青混合料疲劳损伤细观形态难以与宏观力学性能表征联系起来的现状，从损伤机理、表征模型及疲劳性能试验方法三方面综述了沥青混合料疲劳性能表征的发展现状、存在的问题，预测了其未来的发展方向。研究表明：由于沥青混合料是一种多相、多组分、多尺度的黏弹性材料，在评价其疲劳性能时，宏观的疲劳试验需要结合计算机断层扫描、数值模拟和数字图像相关技术等细观分析方法。沥青混合料疲劳性能试验方法目前应用最为广泛的是室内小型试件疲劳试验，由于不同试验方法中设置的试验条件各不相同，故其试验结果和性能参数呈现出显著的差异性。应重点研究沥青混合料抗疲劳开裂性能的细观结构损伤开裂形态与宏观性能表征的联系；改进现有疲劳试验方法的试验条件、开发先进的三维应力状态的加载设备，并增加试验的尺度以反映真实荷载环境下的疲劳性能；基于能量理论和黏弹性连续损伤揭示沥青混合料疲劳特性和历史荷载条件下的疲劳损伤规律。

Review of Test Characterization for Fatigue Damage of Asphalt Mixture

In view of the fact that the microscopic fatigue damage of asphalt mixture is difficult to connect with the characterization of macroscopic mechanical properties, the three aspects of fatigue damage mechanism, fatigue test method and fatigue performance characterization model are summarized, and the future development direction is predicted. The results show that the macroscopic fatigue test of asphalt mixture needs to combine mesoscopic analytical methods, such as computerized tomographic scanning, numerical simulation and digital image correlation technique, to evaluate the fatigue performance of asphalt mixture, since asphalt mixture is a kind of multi-phase, multi-component and multi-scale viscoelastic material. The most widely used test method for fatigue performance of asphalt mixture is the indoor small specimen fatigue test. Due to different test conditions set in different test methods, the test results and performance parameters showed significant variability. It should focus on the connection between mesostructural damage cracking pattern of asphalt mixture and macroscopic performance characterization; improve the test conditions of existing fatigue test methods, develop advanced loading equipment with three-dimensional stress state, and increase test scales to reflect the fatigue performance under real load environment; reveal the fatigue characteristics and fatigue damage under historical load conditions based on energy theory and viscoelastic continuous damage.