龙江流域降水、径流时序特征分析

 通过对空间分布于云南沿边地带的龙江流域42a来主要气象站和代表水文站的资料收集,获得各气象站的月降水资料和戛中水文站的月实测天然径流资料.利用数学模型方法,从降水和径流年际变化、年内分配的不均匀性、集中性等方面分析了龙江流域径流的变化规律.得出以下结论:龙江流域降水、径流的年际变化趋势一致,并可能存在一个准8~11a的波动周期(其中径流周期较明显);降水的年内变化较径流变化要显著、剧烈,且降水主要集中在7月,比径流的集中期提前1个月;径流的年内分配主要受降水年内分配影响,但在冬季和春季,受季节特性所决定的流域蓄水和蒸发影响也比较明显.

Preliminary study on the characteristics of annual precipitation and runoff in Longjiang catchment

The serial characteristics of precipitation and runoff in Longjiang catchment have been analyzed based on the gauge records of runoff and annual precipitation between 1959-2000. Indexes of unevenness and concentration were calculated for runoff and precipitation annual distribution. By analysis, the conclusions is that the changing trend of runoff was similar to that of precipitation in long period. A cycle period from 8 to 1 lyears was found both in runoff and precipitation, which in runoff was more obviously; Due to the impacts of runoff-supplying source,47.5% of the annual total runoff occurred in summer. Runoff annual distribution was evener than that of precipitation. Precipitation distribution centralized in July, and runoff in August, about lmonth lags to precipitation; The changing of runoff was caused primarily by precipitation, but the seasonal changes in ground water and evaporation would have also obviously effect on the river regimes in winter and spring.