基于变权-VIKOR理论的产品外观方案评价方法研究

在功能、材料、结构统一的前提下，针对新产品外观设计方案评价过程中存在的主观模糊性较强、主客观因素配置及配比不合理等导致评价结果具有较大误差的现象，为有效开展产品创新设计方案评价，提出从竞品分析和用户偏好两方面出发的产品外观方案评价方法.首先，运用产品造型相似度计算模型综合分析获得用户感知相似度，将设计方案与竞品的相似度对比，进行设计方案初步筛选；其次，运用熵权、变权理论获取不同认知主体的产品造型评价指标综合权重；最后，将产品造型评价指标综合权重与VIKOR法结合计算产品设计方案的总体排序，由此筛选出评价者满意度较高且与市场竞品相似度较低的产品创新方案.以智能出液器造型方案评价为例，对比不同方法的方案排序结果，验证了该方法模型的科学性和有效性.

Study on evaluation method of product appearance scheme based on contingency-VIKOR theory

Under the premise of the unity of function, material and structure, an evaluation method of product modeling scheme based on competitive analysis and user preference is proposed in order to carry out the evaluation of product appearance scheme effectively, aimed at solving some problems in the process of new product appearance design scheme evaluation, such as strong subjective fuzziness, unreasonable allocation of subjective and objective factors and proportion, which may lead to large errors in the evaluation results. Firstly, the user perceived similarity is obtained by the comprehensive research and analysis of the product model, and the design scheme is preliminarily screened by comparing the similarity between the design scheme and competitive products. Secondly, the comprehensive weight of the product modeling evaluation index is obtained by the entropy weight and the contingency theory. Finally, the overall ranking of product design schemes is calculated by combining the comprehensive weight of product modeling evaluation index with VIKOR method, so as to screen the product innovation schemes with high evaluator satisfaction and low similarity with competitive products in the market. Taking the evaluation of intelligent ejector modeling scheme as an example, the results of different methods are compared to verify the scientific and effectiveness of the proposed method.