多阶段动态车辆路径问题实时优化策略

针对多阶段动态车辆路径单决策和多决策问题，分别提出了平均距离策略和分区分批旅行商策略.前者优先安排不能延迟的顾客，然后根据路径的平均顾客距离选择可延迟顾客；后者根据阶段内决策的时间界限只在最后一次决策才考虑拒绝和延迟.实例仿真结果表明，新策略都具有较好的优化效果.

Real-Time Optimization Strategy of the Multi-Period Dynamic Vehicle Routing Problems

The multi-period dynamic vehicle routing problem(MPDVRP) belongs to the emerging problem of dynamic vehicle routing problem, which can be divided into single decision-making problem and multi-decision-making problem. Average distance strategy and cutting-and-batch TSP strategy were constructed for these two types of problems. The average distance strategy gives priority to customers those cannot be delayed, and then selects the customers those can be delayed according to the average path distance. In cutting-and-batch TSP strategy, the customers will be delayed or refused only in the last decision according to decision-making time limit. Simulations of the two strategies were carried out, and the numerical results show that the two strategies are both better than the existing strategies.