Morphology controllable synthesis of Pd/CeO2–ZrO2 catalysts and its structure-activity relationship in three-way catalytic performance

CeO₂–ZrO₂ mixed oxides with controlled morphologies (i.e., nanorod, nano-polyhedral and disordered shape) were synthesized through either hydrothermal or coprecipitation method, and the corresponding supported Pd/CeO₂–ZrO₂ catalysts were also prepared by conventional impregnation. The obtained catalysts were subjected to systematic structural/physio-chemical characterizations as well as three-way catalytic performance evaluations. The results showed that CeO₂–ZrO₂ mixed oxides presented different exposed crystal planes: namely disordered CZ-di mainly exposed (111) crystal planes, nanorod CZ-ro mainly exposed (111) crystal planes and few (100) crystal planes, while nano-polyhedral CZ-po exposed both (111) and (100) crystal planes. Clear structure-activity relationship could be demonstrated between the TWC (Three-way catalysts) performance of Pd/CeO₂–ZrO₂ and such different microstructures, as (100) and (111) crystal planes exposed by CZ-ro and CZ-po were beneficial for the surface oxygen vacancies formation, thus increasing the Pd-support interaction and effectively decreasing the light-off temperature of HC and NO elimination. On the other hand, the disordered CZ-di retained more lattice oxygen content, leading to better catalytic activity of CO elimination for the corresponding Pd/CZ-di catalyst.