"审美意识形态"辩——兼论中国当代历史语境中的文学本质问题

近年来,对“审美意识形态”能否用来表述文学本质这一问题,学界争议很大。根据逻辑学上对本质的界定原则,摆在我们面前的问题有三:文学是不是意识形态?文学与其它意识形态之间的种差是不是审美?审美和意识形态能不能连缀在一起来述说文学的本质?而对这些问题的探讨,均不能脱离具体的历史语境。经过分析论证,研究者提出,在今日中国,“审美意识形态”无论从逻辑层面上还是从历史层面上,都是一个站得住脚的命题,可以用来界定文学的本质属性并成为当代文学理论研究的逻辑起点。坚持文学的“审美意识形态”本质,可以在确立和维护文学自身独立地位的同时,又将文学活动和人类解放这一总目标联系起来,从而使文学研究获得更加坚实的根据和更加广阔的视界。

Alysis of Aesthetic Ideology——an Explanation of the Literary Essence in the Milieu of Today''''s China

During the recent years,the question whether literary essence can be expressed by aesthetic ideology is under discussion.In the author's opinion,according to the logical principle,there are three problems that face us. Is literature the ideology? Is the difference between literature and other ideology the aesthetic? Are the aesthetic and the ideology able to be connected to expresse the literature essence? The discussion about problems can't be off particular historic backgound.After the analysis and argumentation,the author point out that in today's Chinese,aesthetic ideology,from the logic or from the history,is a reasonable proposition.This proposition can be used to define the essential character and be regarded as the logical beginning of today's literary theory research.If we uphold that aesthetic ideology is one of the essential literary characters,the independence of literature can be established and defended,at the same time,literary activity can be connected with the total goal of human liberty.As a result,our literary research will be based on more substantial basis and have wider view.