基于行波电帘的太阳能电池板微尘自清洁研究

微尘累积会导致太阳能电池板发电效率大幅下降甚至损坏。以微尘在行波电帘空间下的运动规律和可控操纵理论及行波电帘电极参数最优化为目标开展应用基础研究,从地球微尘电学和力学特性着手,掌握微尘颗粒分布,带电或高压电场中电离和极化,以及微尘在电池板表面附着力等特性;采用边界元及离散元方法研究带电和不带电微尘在行波电帘空间受静电力、介电泳力、重力、阻力及粒子间电荷力等多力作用下的力学和运动学模型,揭示地球大气环境下微尘在行波电帘空间的运动规律及实现定向运动的控制理论;进而采用数值模拟仿真和正交试验研究行波电帘的电学参数(波形、电压和频率)、机械参数(电极宽度、电极间距、薄膜厚度)与除尘效率的关系,建立行波电帘除尘效率的数学模型和电帘电极参数多变量函数最优化方法,为建立一种适用于中国西部气候条件下的大规模电池板阵列和其他光电及仪器系统的自清洁方法提供理论和工艺支撑。

Research on the motion pattern of dust particles and self-cleaning mechanism of solar cells under traveling-wave electric curtain

Accumulation of dust can substantially decrease efficiency and even damage solar cells.Previous research suggests that one feasible method of dust removal is high-voltage wave electric curtain,which is also confirmed by our work.This project aims to investigate the movement pattern of dust particles under traveling-wave electric curtain condition and subsequent optimization of the parameters of wave electric curtain.Firstly,the property of earth dust particles is studied,including particle size distribution,charges,ionization and polarization,and especially the electronic characteristics which are the basis to study the movement rule of dust particles.Secondly,distinct element method and boundary element method are employed to build the moving model of dust particles,charged or uncharged,under the forces of electrostatic,dielectric electrophoresis,resistance and charges.As a result,the movement pattern of the dust particles in the earth's atmosphere environment and corresponding removal mechanism are revealed.Furthermore,numerical simulation and orthogonal experiment are conducted to investigate the relationship between the dust removal efficiency and the parameters of electric curtain,including electrical power parameters(waveform,voltage and frequency),mechanical parameters(electrode width,gap,thin-film thickness) and etc.The mathematical model of the dust removal efficiency and the optimization method for electric curtain design are established by using multivariate function optimization methods.The research may provide theoretical basis for the development of self-clean techniques for large solar cells and other photoelectric instrument systems under the weather of western China.