井冈山山顶矮林维管植物区系特征与物种多样性研究

山顶矮林具有重要的生态功能与景观价值，因其生境的独特性和岛屿状分布的特殊性等特点成为人们研究和关注的热点。本文采用样地调查法，对井冈山山顶矮林植物区系特征与物种多样性进行了研究。结果表明：井冈山山顶矮林维管植物物种组成丰富，有维管植物76科124属193种，蔷薇科、杜鹃花科、山茶科、樟科和壳斗科是组成井冈山山顶矮林的优势科，杜鹃属是组成井冈山山顶矮林的优势属。井冈山山顶矮林植物区系起源古老，成分复杂，珍稀濒危植物少，区系成分具有由亚热带向暖温带过渡的性质。井冈山山顶矮林的Simpson指数和Pielou指数较高，Shannon-wiener指数和物种丰富度较低，4种多样性指数在不同的样地、层次和群系之间都存在一定的差异，且未表现出相同的变化规律，这与群落类型、群落所处环境条件、人为因素的影响和所采用的物种多样性性指数有关。建议加强对井冈山山顶矮林的保护。

FLORISTIC CHARACTERISTICS AND SPECIES DIVERSITY OF VASCULAR PLANTS IN MONTANE ELFIN FORST IN JINGGANGSHAN

The montane elfin forest has important ecological function and landscape value. Because of its unique habitat, the particularity of island-like distribution and so on, the montane elfin forest has become the research focus. In this paper, the floristic characteristics and species diversity of montane elfin forest plant in Jinggangshan were studied by means of sample survey. We found that: (1) The species composition of vascular plant of montane elfin forest in Jinggangshan was abundant, there were 193 species of vascular plants (including varieties), belonging to 76 families and 124 genera, the dominant families of montane elfin forest were Rosaceae, Ericaceae, Theaceae, Lauraceae and Fagaceae, and the dominant genus was Rhododendron. (2) The flora of montane elfin forest was of ancient origin, the geographical element was complex, the existence of rare and endangered plants was few, the flora had a characteristic that it will transfer from the subtropical elements to the temperate-originated elements. (3) The Simpson and Pielou indices of montane elfin forest were higher, the Shannon-wiener index and species richness were lower, there are certain differences of four diversity indices among different samples, layers and formations, and variation patterns of four species diversity indices were dissimilar whichever the index was used, these are related to the community type, community environmental conditions, influence of human factors and the species diversity index that was used. It is suggested to promote conservation of the montane elfin forest in Jinggangshan.