基于交通状况的道路停车时空管理方法研究

为科学制定道路停车管理方法，通过观测典型一幅路12 m路宽设置两侧停车条件下道路机动车和非机动车不同流量下的速度变化情况，探究机动车和非机动车混行时流量与速度的互动规律，根据影响程度提出设置道路停车的非机动车和机动车流量阈值；然后利用软件搭建仿真场景，探究了停车位数量的分组情况和每组停车带之间的距离对道路交通的影响大小。结果表明：当单向每车道非机动车流量大于420 bic/h的时候，机动车速度变化率较大，比自由流状态时降低了15%左右；当非机动车流量小于420 bic/h,机动车流量大于368 veh/h的时候，机动车速度变化较明显，速度降低了30%左右；当停车位数量分组为每6个一组且每组停车带之间的距离为18 m时，道路停车对交通状况的影响最小。因此得到停车位最佳的布置方式及流量阈值，即分别以非机动车流量420 bic/h、机动车流量368 veh/h作为道路停车管理时间层面的约束条件，不满足约束条件的时段不宜允许道路停车，以达到既不影响正常的交通运行又可以解决停车需求的目的。

Research on space-time management method of road parking based on traffic condition

In order to scientifically formulate road parking management methods, by observing the speed changes of motor vehicles and non motor vehicles on the road under different traffic flows when a typical road is 12 meters wide with parking on both sides, the interaction law between traffic flow and speed when motor vehicles and non motor vehicles are mixed is explored, and the threshold value of non motor vehicles and motor vehicles for road parking is proposed according to the degree of influence; Then a simulation scenario is built by using software to explore the grouping of parking spaces and the impact of the distance between each group of parking strips on road traffic. The result shows that when the one-way non motor vehicle flow per lane is 420 bic·h-1, the speed change rate of motor vehicles is larger, which is about 15% lower than that in the free flow state; When the non motor vehicle flow is less than 420 bic·h-1 and the motor vehicle flow is more than 368 veh·h-1, the motor vehicle speed changes significantly, and the speed decreases by about 30%. When the number of parking spaces is grouped into groups of six and the distance between each group of parking strips is 18 meters, road parking has the least impact on traffic conditions. It concluds that the optimal layout and flow threshold of parking spaces are obtained, that is, the non motor vehicle flow of 420 bic·h-1 and the motor vehicle flow of 368 veh·h-1 are taken as the constraints of road parking management time level, and road parking should not be allowed in the period that does not meet the constraints, so as to achieve the purpose of not affecting the normal traffic operation and solving the parking demand.