白头叶猴线粒体ND4基因和D-环区的序列及其分类地位初探

用ＰＣＲ（多聚酶链式反应）扩增方法测定白头叶猴、黑叶猴和菲氏叶猴各１只的线粒体ＤＮＡＮＤ４整个基因（１３７７ｂｐ）和Ｄ－环５００多ｂｐ序列。黑叶猴与菲氏叶猴的ＮＤ４基因序列碱基差异数高达１２３，基于ＮＤ４基因的遗传距离值为８．９％；白头叶猴与黑叶猴ＮＤ４基因序列间碱基差异数为２５，遗传距离值为１．８％。在Ｄ－环区域，白头叶猴与黑叶猴间的遗传距离为４．３％，而白头叶猴、黑叶猴两者与菲氏叶猴间的遗传距离则分别高达２６．４％和２６．０％。分析结果表明，白头叶猴恐怕还只是黑叶猴的一个亚种。从保护遗传学角度看，白头叶猴应被看作一个进化显著性单元（ｅｖｏｌｕｔｉｏｎａｒｙｓｉｇｎｉｆｉｃａｎｔｕｎｉｔｓ，ＥＳＵ），在动物的保护行动中应得到充分的重视

Preliminary Studies on the Classification of Trachypithecus francoisi based on mitochondrial ND4 and D-Loop DNA

Mitochodrial ND4 (1377 bp) and DLoop DNA (500 bp) sequences were employed for estimating phylogenetic relationships among whitehead leaf monkey,black leaf monkey,and phayrei leaf monkey.The variable sites and genetic distance of ND4 sequences between black leaf monkey and phayrci leaf monkey were 123,and 8 9% respectively,while those between whitehead leaf monkey and black leaf monkey were 25,and 1 8%.Mitochondrial DLoop DNA was characteristic by evoluating faster.Based on DLoop DNA analysis, the genetic distance between whitehead leaf monkey and black leaf monkey was 4 3%,while those between whitehead monkey and black leaf monkey were 26 4%,and 26 0% respectively.So far the black leaf monkey and phayrei leaf monkey have been valid species.Our studies implied that whitehead leaf monkey should be a subspecies of black leaf monkey,but it should be a evolutionary significant units(ESU),which should be taken seriously in genetic conservation.