环氧丙烯酸酯树脂的制备及其聚氨酯改性

采用丙烯酸对环氧树脂进行改性制备环氧丙烯酸酯,通过单因素实验考察催化剂种类对改性工艺条件的影响;设计正交实验探讨反应温度、催化剂用量及阻聚剂用量对改性工艺条件的影响。采用自制的聚氨酯预聚体对环氧丙烯酸酯进行改性研究,考察聚氨酯预聚体的添加及环氧树脂种类对复合材料性能的影响。研究结果表明:制备环氧丙烯酸酯的最佳反应条件为:以N,N-二甲基苯胺为催化剂,反应温度110℃,w(催化剂)=2%,w(阻聚剂)=0.1%;FT-IR表征说明得到目标产物。同时,聚氨酯进行改性明显改善材料的力学性能,聚氨酯预聚体(n(—NCO):n(—OH)=2:1)添加量为25%时,材料的抗压强度提高59.33%,抗拉剪切强度增加3.7倍,材料断面的SEM图表明改性后材料出现韧性材料特征。另外,由双酚F型环氧树脂制备的复合材料的性能明显优于由双酚A型环氧树脂制备的材料性能。

Preparation of epoxy acrylate resin and its Polyurethane modification

An epoxy acrylic resin was prepared by epoxy resin with acrylic acid as modifier.The effect of catalyst type on modification process was evaluated by single factor experiment.The effects of reaction temperature,catalyst content and polymerization inhibitor content on modification process were investigated by orthogonal experiment.Modification of epoxy acrylic resin using homemade polyurethane prepolymer was studied.The effects of polyurethane addition and epoxy resin types on the performances of composite material were investigated.The results show that the optimum reaction condition of preparing epoxy acrylic resin is obtained when the mass fraction of N,N-dimethylaniline as catalyst is 2%,reaction temperature is 110 ℃ and the mass fraction of polymerization inhibitor is 0.1%.The characterization of FT-IR illustrates that epoxy acrylic resin is prepared.Meanwhile the mechanical properties of materials are obviously improved by using homemade polyurethane.When the amount of polyurethane prepolymer(n(-NCO):n(-OH)=2:1) is 25%,the compressive strength of material improves by 59.33% and the tensile shear strength increases 3.7 times.The scanning electron micrographs of material sections indicate that the modified material appears in the characteristic of toughness material.In addition,the performances of the composite prepared by bisphenol-F-epoxy resin are obviously superior to the composite prepared by bisphenol-A-epoxy resin.