空白票据补充权基础问题的民法学分析

空白票据,又称空白授权票据,是指票据行为人仅在票据上签名,而将票据上的其他应记载事项,全部或一部分交由他人完成的票据。而空白票据补充权是其中的核心问题。空白票据补充权是民事权利,故应从民法角度对其进行剖析。关于空白票据补充权的理论基础,主要有委任说、代理说、契约说、授权说四种。在以民法视角比较分析相关理论及支持理由之后,可知授权说最为妥当。最后,关于权利类型问题,发现在承认其为形成权,以及适用诉讼时效之间,发生了一个两难的选择。

The Analysis of Fundamental Problems of the Supplementary Right of the Blank Commercial Instrument in the Civil Law Perspective

Blank commercial instrument, also known as blank authorized bill, refers to the commercial instru-ment that the person who acts on commercial instrument only signs his name on the bill, and leaves the rest of items to be recorded, partly or even entirely, to other people to finish.And the supplementary right of the blank commercial instrument, terns out to be the central issue in this field.Since the supplementary right of the blank commercial instrument is a civil right, we can analyze it in the civil law perspective.About its theo-retical basis, there are mainly four doctrines：theory of appointment, theory of agency, theory of contract, and theory of authorization.After compare these theories and the supporters’ point of view of each other, we can draw a conclusion that the theory of authorization is the most appropriate one.Finally, concerning the type of the right, we find that it is a dilemmatic situation between admitting that the supplementary right of the blank commercial instrument is a right of formation and applying to the limitation of actions.