磁性流体的制备方法及其在工程上的主要应用

磁性流体是一种在外加磁场作用下流变特性发生急剧变化,且易于控制的、可逆的新型智能材料.基本组成成分为磁性微粒、基液(也叫载液)、表面活性剂.介绍了制备磁性流体的几种不同的方法:机械粉碎法、湿式化学共沉法、阴离子交换树脂法和热分解法;介绍了磁流变技术在密封、阻尼器、抛光装置等工程上的一些主要应用,并展望了磁流变技术在建筑、航天等领域的应用前景.

METHODS OF PREPARATION AND MAIN APPLICATION ON ENGINEERING OF MAGNETORHEOIOGICAL FLUIDS

Magnetorheological(MR) fluids are a sort of reversible new intelligent material whose rheological characteristics change rapidly and can be controlled easily in the presence of an applied magnetic field. Its basic composition includes magnetic particle, basic fluid and surface active solvent. In this paper, different methods of preparation about magnetorheological fluids(MRF) are introduced, including mechanical crushing, wet chemical depositing, anion exchange, pyrolyzing; some main applications of magnetorheological technique in engineering are presented, such as magnetic fluids seals, dampers, polishing devices. And the application prospects of MR in some fields, such as architecture, spaceflight, are presented.