有机锡化合物的环境化学行为及效应

论述了有机锡化合物进入环境的途径，锡甲基化和有机锡的富集、迁移、降解的原理。对有机锡的毒性、抗癌活性及生态效应进行了论述。有机锡化合物被用于工业、农业和海洋船舶防污涂料中，随水向水环境迁移。微生物在锡甲基化过程中起着重要作用。有机锡可以通过水、光、微生物等降解。海洋生物对TBT和TPT等有机锡化合物具有很强的富集能力，大约在5000—10000倍之间，且对海洋生物具有很高的毒性，极有可能对海洋生态系统产生强烈影响。建议开展有机锡对海洋生物群落及海洋生态系统影响研究和开发环境船舶涂料。

Behaviors and Effects of Organotin Compounds in the Environment

The pathways of organotin compounds entering the environment, mechanisms of tin methylation, bioaccumulation, transport and degradation of organotin compounds in the environment are summarized, and the toxicity and anticancer activity and ecological effects of organotin compounds are also discussed. Organotin compounds were applied in the industrial, the agricultural and antipollution dope for the shipping, with transport into water body. Microbes play an important role during tin methylation. Organotin compounds were decomposed by the water, the photo and microbe. TBT and TPT are very toxicity to halobios, and can be condensed by them, enrichment index is between 5 000 to 10 000, which strongly affect the ocean ecosystem. Development of environment-friendly dope for shipping, and studying organotin effect on halobios community and ocean ecosystem are suggested.