新型仿生智能材料研究进展

 仿生智能材料是20世纪90年代兴起并蓬勃发展的一类新型先进功能材料，已成为一个涉及材料学、化学、物理学和生物学等多学科的前沿交叉研究方向，对推动材料科学与工程创新发展具有重要意义。研发仿生智能材料的本质是通过学习和模仿自然界生物体的化学成分、材料结构和功能特性，将仿生理念与材料制备技术相结合，优化设计并制备结构功能一体化和功能多样化的新型先进材料体系。综述了近年来仿生智能材料领域所取得的一系列有创新意义和实用价值的研究成果，包括防冰涂层材料、海洋防污材料、自修复自愈合材料、红外隐身材料、水下黏结材料等，评述了这些新型智能材料的仿生设计原理、制备加工技术和发展前景。

Research progress in novel bio-inspired intelligent materials

This paper reviews the major research progress in designing, preparing and optimizing the bio-inspired intelligent materials in a variety of engineering applications such as anti-icing, marine anti-fouling, self-healing, infrared stealth and underwater adhesives, and the associated bionic principles are discussed as well. Finally, the outlook and prospect of this field are also addressed. As a solid bridge between fundamental researches and practical applications, the development of bio-inspired intelligent materials will definitely provide novel ideas, theories and strategies to meet the requirements for the multifunctional and structural-functional integrated materials and to solve the current technological problems in many scientific and engineering fields, which is of great importance in accelerating the innovation of science and technology.