深部开采安全机理及灾害防控现状与态势分析

近年来,深部开采安全机理与灾害防控领域已取得一定的研究成果,但基于现行理论与技术还难以全面解决未来深部采矿过程面临的防灾减灾问题,至今尚未建立起完善的深部开采灾变与防控研究体系.本文开展了对深部开采灾害研究领域的文献调研和问题探讨,总结有关深部地应力场测量与分布规律、深部岩体力学与耦合损伤机理、深部动力灾害机理与预报、深部突水灾害机理与预警以及深部开采围岩变形机理与防控等方面的研究成果,进而分析当前研究的不足,凝练出深部开采诱发灾害研究领域亟待解决的关键问题,并就未来超深开采灾害研究态势予以分析.

Current status and future trends of deep mining safety mechanism and disaster prevention and control

In recent years, there have been a number of developments in deep mining research with respect to safety mechanisms and disaster prevention and control. However, it will be difficult to fully resolve the challenges associated with disaster prevention and reduction based on current theories and technologies, and as yet no sound deep mining research approach regarding cataclysm and its control has been established. This paper reviews the literature and discusses problematic research areas associated with deep mining disasters, including in-situ stress measurement and its distribution law, deep rock mechanics and the coupling damage mechanism, dy-namic disaster mechanism and prediction, and the water inrush mechanism and early warning, as well as the surrounding rock deform-ation mechanism and control technologies. This paper analyzes the deficiencies in existing research and identifies key problems that must be solved in deep-mining-induced disasters. Lastly, this paper indicates future prospects in the study of ultra-deep mining disas-ters.