论黄宗羲对于孟子的理解

以黄宗羲所撰《孟子师说》为核文本,围绕“梨洲晚年思想是否发生了巨大的变化”“他是否因受陈确的影响而导致了这一变化”“他对孟子的解说是否胜过朱子而更能掌握孟子哲学的精神”这三个问题,我们认为目前没有足够证据证明梨洲晚年思想发生了巨大变化;由于他与同门好友陈确切磋,不免导致他在态度上有一些变化,但决无背离蕺山思想其事;梨洲的一元论思想,用来解说孟子,的确在有些地方较朱子的解说更为切合,但因超越体证减煞,也有其不相应之处。

Huang Zongxi's Interpretation of Mencius

This paper,based on the Mengzi shishuo(My Teacher's Teachings on the Mencius) written by Huang Zongxi(also known as Huang Lizhou),addresses three issues: "whether Lizhou's thought was much transformed in his later years","whether his transformation was affected by Chen Que", and whether his interpretation of Mencius' philosophy is more convincing than Zhu Xi.However,up to now,the evidence is inadequate to indicate such a transformation.As Huang Zongxi and Chen Que were close friends and two of Liu Zongzhou's(also known as Mr.Jishan) disciples,there could be some kind of change in Huang's attitude in their discussions,but he definitely did not go against his master's teachings.Lizhou's monist thought,though more acceptable in some ways than Zhu Xi to interpret Mencius' philosophy,still shows some weaknesses due to less exploration into the nature of Confucianism.