茂兰自然保护区喀斯特生态环境的保护与管理

贵州茂兰国家级自然保护区人地关系的潜在矛盾较大，而保护区的功能又无法对其调控，通过与美国锰马洞，英国约克郡，新西兰帕帕罗瓦等具有显著生态，经济和社会效益的喀斯特国家公园的对比研究，结合茂兰自然保护区的实际情况，提出茂兰自然保护区完全具备条件并有必要建立为多功能的国家公园，用于科研、教育、旅游的自然保护区和农牧业用地可在公园内融为一体，根据国家公园管理政策，通过土地购买，设施配置，拉近控制和管理分区

CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT OF KARST ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE MAOLAN NATURAL RESERVE

The State Natural Reserve of Maolan contains a great potential conflict of human-land. The Natural Reserve function is unable to deal with it. The comparative studies of the karst national parks with remarkable efficiency of ecology, economy and sociality, such as Mammoth Cave of USA,Yorkshire Dales of UK and Paparoa of NZ, with practical situation of the Maolan Natural Reserve,Suggested that the Natural Reserve with good prerequisite is necessary to become a national park with multiple drictions. A rich mixture of conservation sites for science, education, recreation, tourism and crop, cattle, sheep farms could stay together in the park. According to special policy of national park and practical actions of land purchase,site facility, access control and management zoning, a special model of development, utilization and conservation of land resources with different purposes, levels and ranks can be formed to encourage the coordinatable and sustainable development of resource, environment and economy.