煤岩损伤分析及偏应力检测法

大量的煤岩显微试验分析表明，损伤是沉积相煤岩固有的力学特性，结构的非均质性及其引起的应力局部化，是煤岩损伤发展最终导致结构破坏的根本原因；受力以后，煤的脆性断裂及以后的搓揉、粒化等破坏形式应是煤与瓦斯突出时煤的主要破坏机制，由全应力－应试验结果得知，煤岩受力以后，相对其峰值强度而言，强度高的岩石扩容应力和残余强度高，而煤的扩容应力残余强度度。最后，提出了研究煤岩损伤变化过程的偏应力检测法。

Damage Analysis on Coal and Rocks and the Method of the Checking Damage by the Deviator Stress

The characteristic of the original damage and the breaking of the coal and rocks under the loading has been discussed by a lot of microscopic structure analysis and by whole stress strain testing on the coal and rocks. The non homogeneity causes the stress locating in a small spot. It is the essential cause of the damage developing and causing the structure breaking of the coal rocks. The failure of brittle fracturing, rubbing later on and granulating should be a major pattern in the outburst of coal and gas. The method of the examining damage by the deviator stress, is proposed. It can be used to analyse the characteristic of the coal and rocks.