废弃烟叶的非烟草制品专利技术现状分析

为使我国科研人员准确把握国内外在烟叶非烟草制品技术领域专利的申请现状,对1985—2018年中国国家知识产权局公开/公告的182件相关专利(含国外同族专利19件)和1992—2016年德温特公开的63个国外简单同族专利(含503件专利)进行统计分析.结果表明:①在申请趋势方面,中国专利和国外专利的整体变化趋势一致,均在2012年申请量达到峰值后逐年下降,技术开发正处于衰退期.②对于国内申请人,国内其他企业和国内烟草企业是该领域专利申请的主体,且国内其他企业在装备制造方面的专利申请量明显高于国内烟草企业;对于国外申请人,国外烟草企业的申请量和专利质量相对较高.③在IPC技术主题方面,国内申请人的专利以C07C(烟基化工原料)为主,其次是C05F(烟基有机肥)和C05G(功能性有机肥)两个小类.国外申请人的专利布局则大部分集中在A24B(烟草提取物和化工原料)小类.在具体技术方面,国内申请人的专利主要涉及肥料、保健成分、化工原料、农药和饲料等技术方面,而国外申请人则重点在化工原料方面.此外,相比于国内申请人,国外申请人还在药用成分和烟基材料领域进行了适度的专利申请.

Patent Analysis of Current Status and Prospect of Non-Tobacco-Product of Waste Tobacco Leaves

With a view to help researchers in China to understand accurately the status quo of patent applications related to non-tobacco-product utilization of tobacco leaves, a total of 182 patents about this field published by National Intellectual Property Administration, PRC from 1985 to 2017 and 63 foreign family patents (503 patents) publish by Derwent Innovation from 1992 to 2016 were statistically analyzed. The results show that 1) As for the domestic and foreign applicants, the overall trends of patent numbers applied with years were similar to each other. After the highest number of patent applications in 2012, the number of applications has dropped significantly year by year, showing that the technology in the field is in the recession period. 2) For the patents applied by the domestic applicants, the number of patents applied by domestic tobacco industry and the other domestic enterprises accounted for the majority of the total. Besides, the other domestic enterprises possessed much more patents in the field of equipment manufacturing. For the foreign patents, the foreign tobacco companies possessed the largest number of application. Furthermore, the patent quality applied by the foreign tobacco companies was much higher. 3) As regards to IPC subclasses, the domestic applicants possessed the most patents belonging to C07C (chemical feedstock from tobacco leaves), followed by C05F (organic fertilizer based on tobacco leaves) and C05G (organic fertilizer with specific functions). While the patent layout of the foreign applicants was mostly concentrated on A24B (Tobacco extracts and chemical raw materials) subclass. As to the specific technology, the patents applied by domestic applicants mainly involved technologies such as fertilizers, health care ingredients, chemical raw materials, pesticides and feeds, while chemical raw materials for those applied by foreign applicants. Moreover, compared with the domestic applicants, the foreign applicants paid modest attention to the patents related to the field of medical ingredients and materials derived from tobacco leaves.