关于大型科研仪器共享问题的一个产权理论解释

大型科研仪器的共享问题是我国科技资源配置和管理工作中面临的重要问题,现有研究和对策主要集中于促进共享理念的传播、加强共享效率的考核以及仪器中心等共享机制的建设方面,但对于为什么存在共享障碍等基本问题缺少关注。本文以经济学中的产权理论为基础,从大型科研仪器所有权与控制权分离的现实出发,探讨了当前我国仪器共享中存在的利益冲突和机制障碍。在此基础上,借鉴发达国家的一些做法,提出从仪器资助体制出发解决仪器共享问题的新思路。

A Property Right Theory Explanation for the Shareduse Problem of Largesized Scientific Instrumentations

The shared use of large-sized scientific instrumentations is a major problem in the effort to improve the efficiency of science and technology resource management. Most studies in literature have focused on propagating the idea of shared use, evaluating the facilities＇ shared use efficiency and developing the mechanism of shared use. However there are little considerations about why the obstacles of shared use exist. Therefore this article argues the conflict of interests and obstructions in mechanism using the property theory in economics in order to contribute the shared use problem to the separation of ownership and right of control over the large-sized scientific instrumentations. Further we look at other countries＇ experiences and suggest a new thinking that would be helpful to solve the shared use problem.